insulin and analogues(胰島素與胰島素類似物)

商品名(trade name)	多種 參見：胰島素類似物(Insulin analogues)
藥理作用(Pharmacological Effects)	參見：胰島素(Insulin)
用量與用法(Dosage and Usage)	dosage ]dose is usually 100U usage ]usually accompany with zinc to improve insulin stability ]a kind of insulin analogues－NPH, use with protamine to prolong onset and duration ]most of insulin and analogues are subcutaneous injection ]The mode of administration A.吸入式(inhaled insulin delivery) B.close-loop system C.攜帶式注射筆(portable pen injection) D.胰島素幫浦(insulin pump)
適應症(Indications)	{type I diabetes mellitus(第一型糖尿病): long-term maintenance, premixed insulin preparation is common {type II diabetes mellitus(第二型糖尿病): ?? {diabetes ketonuria, DKA(糖尿病酮酸血症): use soluble insulin(primary rapid-acting insulin) {gestational diabetes mellitus(妊娠期糖尿病) {hyperkalaemia: use insulin with glucose to lower extracellular potassium {oral hypoglycemic agents changes to insulin intravenous injection during hospitalization
副作用(Side effect)	}低血糖(hypoglycemia) }}headache }}tachycardia }}vertigo }}anxiety }}confusion }}diaphoresis(發汗)
禁忌/交互作用(Contraindications / interaction)	interaction ?catecholamines of sympathetic system ?diazoxide: reduce insulin effect ?Phenytoin: reduce insulin effect ?vinblastine: reduce insulin effect ?colchicine: reduce insulin effect

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