商品名(trade name) | |
藥理作用(Pharmacological Effects) | [Heart [[Automaticity: Conductivity: Vmax decreased (auricle, ventricle and Purkinje fibers) [[[SA Node: Direct effect: rate decreased [[[[Indirect effect: rate rise (vagolytic effect) [[[[Purkinje fiber: rate decreased (If decrease) [[[[Ectopic focus: rate decreased(Na+ accumulation decrease) [[[AV node: variable, AV node conduction decreased, conduction defects p’t may be conduction block, that's fatal [[[action potential duration, APD: increased(Ix1 block) [[[ERP: increased, Circle movement can be blocked=two way block [[Excitability: decreased [[[hyperpolarization: due to hypernatremia [[[background Na+ increased [[[Ca2+ currents block: Na-Ca pump is a complex [[Contractility: decreased Ca2+ influx at higher [Blood vessel: vasodilatation [[alpha-block--> profound hypotension--> shock |
用量與用法(Dosage and Usage) | Pharmacokinetics: ]well absorbed ]high plasma protein binding ]well distribution |
適應症(Indications) | {reentry arrhythmia(心律不整): prolong ERP {Supraventricular tachycardia {Ventricular arrhythmia result {P-R interval increase {QRS icrease {QT interval increase |
副作用(Side effect) | }G-I discomfort }Hypersensitivity }Cinchonism(奎寧中毒): dizziness, tinnitus, headache }Cardiotoxicity: V. fibrillation: QT prolong(Torsade de pointes) }vagolytic effect }ympathetic reflex |
禁忌/交互作用(Contraindications / interaction) | Contraindications ?重症肌無力(Myasthenia gravis): strong anticholinergic effects ?congestive heart failure(心臟衰竭): Ca2+ influx is blocked ?conductive defect: AV delay --> heart block interaction ?Phenobarbital: increase biotransformation-->effect increase ?Phenytoin: increase biotransformation-->effect increase ?Digoxin: do not combine with digoxin, they will compete renal secretion, prolong drug duration ?Nitroglycerin: increase hypotensive effect of nitroglycerin-->severe hypotension |
Monday, November 11, 2013
quinidine
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